Migraines are caused by a combination of genetic, neurological, and environmental factors that affect brain activity and blood flow. Changes in brain chemicals, such as serotonin, can trigger inflammation and widen blood vessels, leading to migraine pain. Common triggers include stress, hormonal fluctuations, certain foods and drinks, lack of sleep, dehydration, and sensory stimuli like bright lights or strong smells. Other factors, such as weather changes, medications, and underlying medical conditions, can also contribute. People with a family history of migraines are more likely to experience them due to inherited genetic predispositions.
